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Mini Shell
"""HTTP Client for asyncio."""
import asyncio
import base64
import hashlib
import json
import os
import sys
import traceback
import warnings
from collections.abc import Coroutine
from multidict import CIMultiDict, MultiDict, MultiDictProxy, istr
from yarl import URL
from . import client_exceptions, client_reqrep
from . import connector as connector_mod
from . import hdrs, http, payload
from .client_exceptions import * # noqa
from .client_exceptions import (ClientError, ClientOSError, InvalidURL,
ServerTimeoutError, WSServerHandshakeError)
from .client_reqrep import * # noqa
from .client_reqrep import ClientRequest, ClientResponse, _merge_ssl_params
from .client_ws import ClientWebSocketResponse
from .connector import * # noqa
from .connector import TCPConnector
from .cookiejar import CookieJar
from .helpers import (PY_36, CeilTimeout, TimeoutHandle, proxies_from_env,
sentinel, strip_auth_from_url)
from .http import WS_KEY, WebSocketReader, WebSocketWriter
from .http_websocket import WSHandshakeError, ws_ext_gen, ws_ext_parse
from .streams import FlowControlDataQueue
from .tcp_helpers import tcp_cork, tcp_nodelay
from .tracing import Trace
__all__ = (client_exceptions.__all__ + # noqa
client_reqrep.__all__ + # noqa
connector_mod.__all__ + # noqa
('ClientSession', 'ClientWebSocketResponse', 'request'))
# 5 Minute default read and connect timeout
DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 5 * 60
class ClientSession:
"""First-class interface for making HTTP requests."""
ATTRS = frozenset([
'_source_traceback', '_connector',
'requote_redirect_url', '_loop', '_cookie_jar',
'_connector_owner', '_default_auth',
'_version', '_json_serialize', '_read_timeout',
'_conn_timeout', '_raise_for_status', '_auto_decompress',
'_trust_env', '_default_headers', '_skip_auto_headers',
'_request_class', '_response_class',
'_ws_response_class', '_trace_configs'])
_source_traceback = None
_connector = None
requote_redirect_url = True
def __init__(self, *, connector=None, loop=None, cookies=None,
headers=None, skip_auto_headers=None,
auth=None, json_serialize=json.dumps,
request_class=ClientRequest, response_class=ClientResponse,
ws_response_class=ClientWebSocketResponse,
version=http.HttpVersion11,
cookie_jar=None, connector_owner=True, raise_for_status=False,
read_timeout=sentinel, conn_timeout=None,
auto_decompress=True, trust_env=False,
trace_configs=None):
implicit_loop = False
if loop is None:
if connector is not None:
loop = connector._loop
else:
implicit_loop = True
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
if connector is None:
connector = TCPConnector(loop=loop)
if connector._loop is not loop:
raise RuntimeError(
"Session and connector has to use same event loop")
self._loop = loop
if loop.get_debug():
self._source_traceback = traceback.extract_stack(sys._getframe(1))
if implicit_loop and not loop.is_running():
warnings.warn("Creating a client session outside of coroutine is "
"a very dangerous idea",
stacklevel=2)
context = {'client_session': self,
'message': 'Creating a client session outside '
'of coroutine'}
if self._source_traceback is not None:
context['source_traceback'] = self._source_traceback
loop.call_exception_handler(context)
if cookie_jar is None:
cookie_jar = CookieJar(loop=loop)
self._cookie_jar = cookie_jar
if cookies is not None:
self._cookie_jar.update_cookies(cookies)
self._connector = connector
self._connector_owner = connector_owner
self._default_auth = auth
self._version = version
self._json_serialize = json_serialize
self._read_timeout = (read_timeout if read_timeout is not sentinel
else DEFAULT_TIMEOUT)
self._conn_timeout = conn_timeout
self._raise_for_status = raise_for_status
self._auto_decompress = auto_decompress
self._trust_env = trust_env
# Convert to list of tuples
if headers:
headers = CIMultiDict(headers)
else:
headers = CIMultiDict()
self._default_headers = headers
if skip_auto_headers is not None:
self._skip_auto_headers = frozenset([istr(i)
for i in skip_auto_headers])
else:
self._skip_auto_headers = frozenset()
self._request_class = request_class
self._response_class = response_class
self._ws_response_class = ws_response_class
self._trace_configs = trace_configs or []
for trace_config in self._trace_configs:
trace_config.freeze()
def __init_subclass__(cls):
warnings.warn("Inheritance class {} from ClientSession "
"is discouraged".format(cls.__name__),
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2)
def __setattr__(self, name, val):
if name not in self.ATTRS:
warnings.warn("Setting custom ClientSession.{} attribute "
"is discouraged".format(name),
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2)
super().__setattr__(name, val)
def __del__(self, _warnings=warnings):
if not self.closed:
if PY_36:
kwargs = {'source': self}
else:
kwargs = {}
_warnings.warn("Unclosed client session {!r}".format(self),
ResourceWarning,
**kwargs)
context = {'client_session': self,
'message': 'Unclosed client session'}
if self._source_traceback is not None:
context['source_traceback'] = self._source_traceback
self._loop.call_exception_handler(context)
def request(self, method, url, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP request."""
return _RequestContextManager(self._request(method, url, **kwargs))
async def _request(self, method, url, *,
params=None,
data=None,
json=None,
headers=None,
skip_auto_headers=None,
auth=None,
allow_redirects=True,
max_redirects=10,
compress=None,
chunked=None,
expect100=False,
read_until_eof=True,
proxy=None,
proxy_auth=None,
timeout=sentinel,
verify_ssl=None,
fingerprint=None,
ssl_context=None,
ssl=None,
proxy_headers=None,
trace_request_ctx=None):
# NOTE: timeout clamps existing connect and read timeouts. We cannot
# set the default to None because we need to detect if the user wants
# to use the existing timeouts by setting timeout to None.
if self.closed:
raise RuntimeError('Session is closed')
ssl = _merge_ssl_params(ssl, verify_ssl, ssl_context, fingerprint)
if data is not None and json is not None:
raise ValueError(
'data and json parameters can not be used at the same time')
elif json is not None:
data = payload.JsonPayload(json, dumps=self._json_serialize)
if not isinstance(chunked, bool) and chunked is not None:
warnings.warn(
'Chunk size is deprecated #1615', DeprecationWarning)
redirects = 0
history = []
version = self._version
# Merge with default headers and transform to CIMultiDict
headers = self._prepare_headers(headers)
proxy_headers = self._prepare_headers(proxy_headers)
try:
url = URL(url)
except ValueError:
raise InvalidURL(url)
skip_headers = set(self._skip_auto_headers)
if skip_auto_headers is not None:
for i in skip_auto_headers:
skip_headers.add(istr(i))
if proxy is not None:
try:
proxy = URL(proxy)
except ValueError:
raise InvalidURL(proxy)
# timeout is cumulative for all request operations
# (request, redirects, responses, data consuming)
tm = TimeoutHandle(
self._loop,
timeout if timeout is not sentinel else self._read_timeout)
handle = tm.start()
traces = [
Trace(
self,
trace_config,
trace_config.trace_config_ctx(
trace_request_ctx=trace_request_ctx)
)
for trace_config in self._trace_configs
]
for trace in traces:
await trace.send_request_start(
method,
url,
headers
)
timer = tm.timer()
try:
with timer:
while True:
url, auth_from_url = strip_auth_from_url(url)
if auth and auth_from_url:
raise ValueError("Cannot combine AUTH argument with "
"credentials encoded in URL")
if auth is None:
auth = auth_from_url
if auth is None:
auth = self._default_auth
# It would be confusing if we support explicit
# Authorization header with auth argument
if (headers is not None and
auth is not None and
hdrs.AUTHORIZATION in headers):
raise ValueError("Cannot combine AUTHORIZATION header "
"with AUTH argument or credentials "
"encoded in URL")
url = url.with_fragment(None)
cookies = self._cookie_jar.filter_cookies(url)
if proxy is not None:
proxy = URL(proxy)
elif self._trust_env:
for scheme, proxy_info in proxies_from_env().items():
if scheme == url.scheme:
proxy = proxy_info.proxy
proxy_auth = proxy_info.proxy_auth
break
req = self._request_class(
method, url, params=params, headers=headers,
skip_auto_headers=skip_headers, data=data,
cookies=cookies, auth=auth, version=version,
compress=compress, chunked=chunked,
expect100=expect100, loop=self._loop,
response_class=self._response_class,
proxy=proxy, proxy_auth=proxy_auth, timer=timer,
session=self, auto_decompress=self._auto_decompress,
ssl=ssl, proxy_headers=proxy_headers)
# connection timeout
try:
with CeilTimeout(self._conn_timeout, loop=self._loop):
conn = await self._connector.connect(
req,
traces=traces
)
except asyncio.TimeoutError as exc:
raise ServerTimeoutError(
'Connection timeout '
'to host {0}'.format(url)) from exc
tcp_nodelay(conn.transport, True)
tcp_cork(conn.transport, False)
try:
resp = req.send(conn)
try:
await resp.start(conn, read_until_eof)
except BaseException:
resp.close()
conn.close()
raise
except ClientError:
raise
except OSError as exc:
raise ClientOSError(*exc.args) from exc
self._cookie_jar.update_cookies(resp.cookies, resp.url)
# redirects
if resp.status in (
301, 302, 303, 307, 308) and allow_redirects:
for trace in traces:
await trace.send_request_redirect(
method,
url,
headers,
resp
)
redirects += 1
history.append(resp)
if max_redirects and redirects >= max_redirects:
resp.close()
break
else:
resp.release()
# For 301 and 302, mimic IE, now changed in RFC
# https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/pull/269
if (resp.status == 303 and
resp.method != hdrs.METH_HEAD) \
or (resp.status in (301, 302) and
resp.method == hdrs.METH_POST):
method = hdrs.METH_GET
data = None
if headers.get(hdrs.CONTENT_LENGTH):
headers.pop(hdrs.CONTENT_LENGTH)
r_url = (resp.headers.get(hdrs.LOCATION) or
resp.headers.get(hdrs.URI))
if r_url is None:
# see github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/issues/2022
break
try:
r_url = URL(
r_url, encoded=not self.requote_redirect_url)
except ValueError:
raise InvalidURL(r_url)
scheme = r_url.scheme
if scheme not in ('http', 'https', ''):
resp.close()
raise ValueError(
'Can redirect only to http or https')
elif not scheme:
r_url = url.join(r_url)
if url.origin() != r_url.origin():
auth = None
headers.pop(hdrs.AUTHORIZATION, None)
url = r_url
params = None
resp.release()
continue
break
# check response status
if self._raise_for_status:
resp.raise_for_status()
# register connection
if handle is not None:
if resp.connection is not None:
resp.connection.add_callback(handle.cancel)
else:
handle.cancel()
resp._history = tuple(history)
for trace in traces:
await trace.send_request_end(
method,
url,
headers,
resp
)
return resp
except BaseException as e:
# cleanup timer
tm.close()
if handle:
handle.cancel()
handle = None
for trace in traces:
await trace.send_request_exception(
method,
url,
headers,
e
)
raise
def ws_connect(self, url, *,
protocols=(),
timeout=10.0,
receive_timeout=None,
autoclose=True,
autoping=True,
heartbeat=None,
auth=None,
origin=None,
headers=None,
proxy=None,
proxy_auth=None,
ssl=None,
verify_ssl=None,
fingerprint=None,
ssl_context=None,
proxy_headers=None,
compress=0):
"""Initiate websocket connection."""
return _WSRequestContextManager(
self._ws_connect(url,
protocols=protocols,
timeout=timeout,
receive_timeout=receive_timeout,
autoclose=autoclose,
autoping=autoping,
heartbeat=heartbeat,
auth=auth,
origin=origin,
headers=headers,
proxy=proxy,
proxy_auth=proxy_auth,
ssl=ssl,
verify_ssl=verify_ssl,
fingerprint=fingerprint,
ssl_context=ssl_context,
proxy_headers=proxy_headers,
compress=compress))
async def _ws_connect(self, url, *,
protocols=(),
timeout=10.0,
receive_timeout=None,
autoclose=True,
autoping=True,
heartbeat=None,
auth=None,
origin=None,
headers=None,
proxy=None,
proxy_auth=None,
ssl=None,
verify_ssl=None,
fingerprint=None,
ssl_context=None,
proxy_headers=None,
compress=0):
if headers is None:
headers = CIMultiDict()
default_headers = {
hdrs.UPGRADE: hdrs.WEBSOCKET,
hdrs.CONNECTION: hdrs.UPGRADE,
hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_VERSION: '13',
}
for key, value in default_headers.items():
if key not in headers:
headers[key] = value
sec_key = base64.b64encode(os.urandom(16))
headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY] = sec_key.decode()
if protocols:
headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL] = ','.join(protocols)
if origin is not None:
headers[hdrs.ORIGIN] = origin
if compress:
extstr = ws_ext_gen(compress=compress)
headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS] = extstr
ssl = _merge_ssl_params(ssl, verify_ssl, ssl_context, fingerprint)
# send request
resp = await self.get(url, headers=headers,
read_until_eof=False,
auth=auth,
proxy=proxy,
proxy_auth=proxy_auth,
ssl=ssl,
proxy_headers=proxy_headers)
try:
# check handshake
if resp.status != 101:
raise WSServerHandshakeError(
resp.request_info,
resp.history,
message='Invalid response status',
code=resp.status,
headers=resp.headers)
if resp.headers.get(hdrs.UPGRADE, '').lower() != 'websocket':
raise WSServerHandshakeError(
resp.request_info,
resp.history,
message='Invalid upgrade header',
code=resp.status,
headers=resp.headers)
if resp.headers.get(hdrs.CONNECTION, '').lower() != 'upgrade':
raise WSServerHandshakeError(
resp.request_info,
resp.history,
message='Invalid connection header',
code=resp.status,
headers=resp.headers)
# key calculation
key = resp.headers.get(hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_ACCEPT, '')
match = base64.b64encode(
hashlib.sha1(sec_key + WS_KEY).digest()).decode()
if key != match:
raise WSServerHandshakeError(
resp.request_info,
resp.history,
message='Invalid challenge response',
code=resp.status,
headers=resp.headers)
# websocket protocol
protocol = None
if protocols and hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL in resp.headers:
resp_protocols = [
proto.strip() for proto in
resp.headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL].split(',')]
for proto in resp_protocols:
if proto in protocols:
protocol = proto
break
# websocket compress
notakeover = False
if compress:
compress_hdrs = resp.headers.get(hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS)
if compress_hdrs:
try:
compress, notakeover = ws_ext_parse(compress_hdrs)
except WSHandshakeError as exc:
raise WSServerHandshakeError(
resp.request_info,
resp.history,
message=exc.args[0],
code=resp.status,
headers=resp.headers)
else:
compress = 0
notakeover = False
proto = resp.connection.protocol
transport = resp.connection.transport
reader = FlowControlDataQueue(
proto, limit=2 ** 16, loop=self._loop)
proto.set_parser(WebSocketReader(reader), reader)
tcp_nodelay(transport, True)
writer = WebSocketWriter(
proto, transport, use_mask=True,
compress=compress, notakeover=notakeover)
except BaseException:
resp.close()
raise
else:
return self._ws_response_class(reader,
writer,
protocol,
resp,
timeout,
autoclose,
autoping,
self._loop,
receive_timeout=receive_timeout,
heartbeat=heartbeat,
compress=compress,
client_notakeover=notakeover)
def _prepare_headers(self, headers):
""" Add default headers and transform it to CIMultiDict
"""
# Convert headers to MultiDict
result = CIMultiDict(self._default_headers)
if headers:
if not isinstance(headers, (MultiDictProxy, MultiDict)):
headers = CIMultiDict(headers)
added_names = set()
for key, value in headers.items():
if key in added_names:
result.add(key, value)
else:
result[key] = value
added_names.add(key)
return result
def get(self, url, *, allow_redirects=True, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP GET request."""
return _RequestContextManager(
self._request(hdrs.METH_GET, url,
allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
**kwargs))
def options(self, url, *, allow_redirects=True, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP OPTIONS request."""
return _RequestContextManager(
self._request(hdrs.METH_OPTIONS, url,
allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
**kwargs))
def head(self, url, *, allow_redirects=False, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP HEAD request."""
return _RequestContextManager(
self._request(hdrs.METH_HEAD, url,
allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
**kwargs))
def post(self, url, *, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP POST request."""
return _RequestContextManager(
self._request(hdrs.METH_POST, url,
data=data,
**kwargs))
def put(self, url, *, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP PUT request."""
return _RequestContextManager(
self._request(hdrs.METH_PUT, url,
data=data,
**kwargs))
def patch(self, url, *, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP PATCH request."""
return _RequestContextManager(
self._request(hdrs.METH_PATCH, url,
data=data,
**kwargs))
def delete(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Perform HTTP DELETE request."""
return _RequestContextManager(
self._request(hdrs.METH_DELETE, url,
**kwargs))
async def close(self):
"""Close underlying connector.
Release all acquired resources.
"""
if not self.closed:
if self._connector_owner:
self._connector.close()
self._connector = None
@property
def closed(self):
"""Is client session closed.
A readonly property.
"""
return self._connector is None or self._connector.closed
@property
def connector(self):
"""Connector instance used for the session."""
return self._connector
@property
def cookie_jar(self):
"""The session cookies."""
return self._cookie_jar
@property
def version(self):
"""The session HTTP protocol version."""
return self._version
@property
def loop(self):
"""Session's loop."""
return self._loop
def detach(self):
"""Detach connector from session without closing the former.
Session is switched to closed state anyway.
"""
self._connector = None
def __enter__(self):
raise TypeError("Use async with instead")
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
# __exit__ should exist in pair with __enter__ but never executed
pass # pragma: no cover
async def __aenter__(self):
return self
async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
await self.close()
class _BaseRequestContextManager(Coroutine):
__slots__ = ('_coro', '_resp')
def __init__(self, coro):
self._coro = coro
def send(self, arg):
return self._coro.send(arg)
def throw(self, arg):
return self._coro.throw(arg)
def close(self):
return self._coro.close()
def __await__(self):
ret = self._coro.__await__()
return ret
def __iter__(self):
return self.__await__()
async def __aenter__(self):
self._resp = await self._coro
return self._resp
class _RequestContextManager(_BaseRequestContextManager):
async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc, tb):
# We're basing behavior on the exception as it can be caused by
# user code unrelated to the status of the connection. If you
# would like to close a connection you must do that
# explicitly. Otherwise connection error handling should kick in
# and close/recycle the connection as required.
self._resp.release()
class _WSRequestContextManager(_BaseRequestContextManager):
async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc, tb):
await self._resp.close()
class _SessionRequestContextManager:
__slots__ = ('_coro', '_resp', '_session')
def __init__(self, coro, session):
self._coro = coro
self._resp = None
self._session = session
async def __aenter__(self):
self._resp = await self._coro
return self._resp
async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
self._resp.close()
await self._session.close()
def request(method, url, *,
params=None,
data=None,
json=None,
headers=None,
skip_auto_headers=None,
cookies=None,
auth=None,
allow_redirects=True,
max_redirects=10,
version=http.HttpVersion11,
compress=None,
chunked=None,
expect100=False,
connector=None,
loop=None,
read_until_eof=True,
proxy=None,
proxy_auth=None):
"""Constructs and sends a request. Returns response object.
method - HTTP method
url - request url
params - (optional) Dictionary or bytes to be sent in the query
string of the new request
data - (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to
send in the body of the request
json - (optional) Any json compatibile python object
headers - (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with
the request
cookies - (optional) Dict object to send with the request
auth - (optional) BasicAuth named tuple represent HTTP Basic Auth
auth - aiohttp.helpers.BasicAuth
allow_redirects - (optional) If set to False, do not follow
redirects
version - Request HTTP version.
compress - Set to True if request has to be compressed
with deflate encoding.
chunked - Set to chunk size for chunked transfer encoding.
expect100 - Expect 100-continue response from server.
connector - BaseConnector sub-class instance to support
connection pooling.
read_until_eof - Read response until eof if response
does not have Content-Length header.
loop - Optional event loop.
Usage::
>>> import aiohttp
>>> resp = await aiohttp.request('GET', 'http://python.org/')
>>> resp
<ClientResponse(python.org/) [200]>
>>> data = await resp.read()
"""
connector_owner = False
if connector is None:
connector_owner = True
connector = TCPConnector(loop=loop, force_close=True)
session = ClientSession(
loop=loop, cookies=cookies, version=version,
connector=connector, connector_owner=connector_owner)
return _SessionRequestContextManager(
session._request(method, url,
params=params,
data=data,
json=json,
headers=headers,
skip_auto_headers=skip_auto_headers,
auth=auth,
allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
max_redirects=max_redirects,
compress=compress,
chunked=chunked,
expect100=expect100,
read_until_eof=read_until_eof,
proxy=proxy,
proxy_auth=proxy_auth,),
session)
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